In the heart of Catalonia, Spain, a centuries-old tradition continues to captivate audiences worldwide—the art of Castells, or human towers. These breathtaking structures, built by stacking people on top of one another, are not just a test of physical strength but also a symbol of unity, teamwork, and Catalan identity.
A Tradition Rooted in History
The origins of Castells trace back to the late 18th century in Valls, a town near Tarragona, where they evolved from traditional Valencian dances. Over time, these formations grew taller and more intricate, becoming a cultural phenomenon that spread across Catalonia. Today, Castells are an integral part of festivals and celebrations, with groups known as colles castelleres performing in cities and towns.
The Structure of a Castell
Building a Castell requires precision, coordination, and trust. Each tower consists of several levels, with different roles:
Pinya (Base): The foundation, formed by a dense group of people who support the weight of the entire structure.
Tronc (Trunk): The middle section, made up of multiple tiers of individuals standing on each other’s shoulders.
Pom de Dalt (Crown): The uppermost section, usually consisting of children due to their light weight. The final touch is the anxaneta, a young child who climbs to the top and raises their hand, completing the Castell.
Strength, Courage, and Teamwork
Castells are more than just an impressive feat of balance and endurance—they embody teamwork, resilience, and community spirit. Every participant, from the strongest base member to the smallest anxaneta, plays a crucial role. Trust is essential, as each performer relies on the support of others.
The Catalan motto “Força, equilibri, valor i seny” (Strength, balance, courage, and common sense) perfectly sums up the philosophy behind Castells.
A UNESCO-Recognized Cultural Treasure
In 2010, UNESCO declared Castells an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, recognizing their deep-rooted significance in Catalan culture. The tradition has also gained international attention, with similar human towers appearing in other countries inspired by Catalonia’s legacy.
Modern-Day Castells and Competitions
Today, Castells remain a popular and evolving tradition, with annual competitions like the Concurs de Castells in Tarragona, where teams from across Catalonia compete to build the tallest and most complex structures. Some Castells can reach up to ten levels high, an incredible achievement that demands months of training.
The art of Castells is a living symbol of unity, determination, and cultural pride. Whether performed in small villages or on international stages, these awe-inspiring human towers continue to represent the strength and resilience of the Catalan people.